Carbon steel, also known as carbon steel, is an alloy composed primarily of iron and carbon, with a carbon content typically between 0.0218% and 2.11%. In addition to iron and carbon, carbon steel may also contain small amounts of silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus and other elements. The content of these elements has an important effect on the properties and quality of carbon steel. Carbon steel can be divided into low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel according to the different carbon content, in which the higher the carbon content, the higher the hardness and strength of carbon steel, but the plasticity will be reduced accordingly. 12

The smelting of carbon steel is usually carried out in a converter or open furnace, and the converter is mostly used for smelting ordinary carbon steel, while the open furnace is suitable for smelting a variety of high-quality carbon steel. Carbon steel is generally used directly in the hot rolled state, but in the manufacture of tools and various machine parts, heat treatment is required according to the requirements of use. 1

Carbon steel has a wide range of applications, including but not limited to Bridges, construction, machine building, shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, oil pipelines and other industries. According to the different uses, carbon steel can be divided into ordinary carbon structural steel, high-quality carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel and free cutting structural steel. The carbon content of ordinary carbon structural steel is less than 0.8%, and it has good mechanical properties and processing properties. 34

In addition, the chemical composition and properties of carbon steel are also affected by other elements such as silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, and so on. For example, silicon can improve work hardening performance and reduce high temperature brittleness; Manganese can improve strength and toughness; Although sulfur reduces plasticity and ductility, it can improve cutting performance. Phosphorus increases strength and hardness, but decreases plasticity and toughness. 7

In general, carbon steel is a low cost, good plasticity, widely used in a variety of mechanical and building materials of steel materials, its performance and application depends on its carbon content and other elements of the composition.

Silicon steel , also known as electrical steel , is an extremely low carbon ferrosilicon alloy material with a silicon content of 0.5% to 4.5%. It has the characteristics of high permeability, low coercivity and large resistivity, so the hysteresis loss and eddy current loss are small. Silicon steel is mainly used as magnetic material in motors , transformers , electrical appliances and electrical instruments . In order to meet the needs of punching and shearing processing when manufacturing electrical appliances, silicon steel also requires a certain plasticity. In order to improve the magnetic susceptibility and reduce the hysteresis loss, the harmful impurity content is required to be as low as possible, and the plate shape is required to be flat and the surface quality is good. 12

According to the different production process, silicon steel can be divided into hot-rolled silicon steel  and cold-rolled silicon steel. Hot rolled silicon steel can be divided into hot rolled low silicon steel and hot rolled high silicon steel , respectively, used in the manufacture of household motors and micro-motors and transformer manufacturing. Cold-rolled silicon steel is divided into non-oriented silicon steel  and oriented silicon steel , non-oriented silicon steel is mainly used in the manufacture of motors and generators, and oriented silicon steel is mainly used in the manufacture of transformer core. 3

Unoriented silicon steel is a ferrosilicon alloy with very low carbon content, and its grains are randomly oriented in deformed and annealed steel plates. It is commonly used in the manufacture of electric motors and generators. 4

The development prospects of silicon steel are considerable, and the national policy encourages and supports the development of silicon steel. In recent years, the output of high-grade unoriented silicon steel for new energy vehicles  has grown fastest, showing the wide application of silicon steel in power, electronics and military industries.

Carbon steel, also known as carbon steel, is an alloy composed primarily of iron and carbon, with a carbon content typically between 0.0218% and 2.11%. In addition to iron and carbon, carbon steel may also contain small amounts of silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus and other elements. The content of these elements has an important effect on the properties and quality of carbon steel. Carbon steel can be divided into low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel according to the different carbon content, in which the higher the carbon content, the higher the hardness and strength of carbon steel, but the plasticity will be reduced accordingly. 12

The smelting of carbon steel is usually carried out in a converter or open furnace, and the converter is mostly used for smelting ordinary carbon steel, while the open furnace is suitable for smelting a variety of high-quality carbon steel. Carbon steel is generally used directly in the hot rolled state, but in the manufacture of tools and various machine parts, heat treatment is required according to the requirements of use. 1

Carbon steel has a wide range of applications, including but not limited to Bridges, construction, machine building, shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, oil pipelines and other industries. According to the different uses, carbon steel can be divided into ordinary carbon structural steel, high-quality carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel and free cutting structural steel. The carbon content of ordinary carbon structural steel is less than 0.8%, and it has good mechanical properties and processing properties. 34

In addition, the chemical composition and properties of carbon steel are also affected by other elements such as silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, and so on. For example, silicon can improve work hardening performance and reduce high temperature brittleness; Manganese can improve strength and toughness; Although sulfur reduces plasticity and ductility, it can improve cutting performance. Phosphorus increases strength and hardness, but decreases plasticity and toughness. 7

In general, carbon steel is a low cost, good plasticity, widely used in a variety of mechanical and building materials of steel materials, its performance and application depends on its carbon content and other elements of the composition.